Pile fabric



Septrzo, 1949. W N MOQRE ,y 2,482,682

' PILE FABRIC Filed Feb. 24, 1948 4'Shee'ts-Sheet 1 sept 20,1949.

W- N. MOORE PILE FABRIC VFilmed Feb. 24, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 nventor nl )VILL/.4M Moons Gtfornegs Sept20,1949 w. N. MOORE 2,482,682

PILE FABRIC Filed Feb. 24, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 WILL/24M M Moon:

#awww/mm2 (Ittornegs W. N.MOORE vPILE FABRIC Sept. zo, 1949.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 24, 1948 nnentor E MLLMM IV. Moon:

Gttornegs Patented Sept. 20, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE assignments, to Russell-Lacey Manufacturing Company, Incorporated, Fairmount, Ga., a corporation of Georgia Application February 24, 1948, Serial No. 10,208

11 Claims.

This invention relates to pile fabrics, and in particular to that class of pile fabrics commonly known as chenille, in which a pile yarn is inserted in a fabric base or backing to form a pile or tufting on the fabric base.

Pile fabrics of this sort have heretofore generally been formed by carrying the pile yarn through the fabric base at successively spaced points toV form a series of loops on one face of the fabric, which loops may be allowed to remain as such, or be cut to provide chenille ends. In a pile fabric formed Vin this manner, a pile is provided on only one face of the fabric base, the pile yarn extending on the reverse face of the fabric base in the nature of stitches between the successive points of insertion of the pile yarn so that this reverse face is bare and is accordingly not suitable for exposure to View during use of the fabric.

According to the present invention, a pile fabric of the chenille type is provided in which a pile is formed on both faces of the fabric base orbacking so that it is reversible, and-may be used with either face exposed. The pile fabric of the present invention comprises a fabric base or backing such as has heretofore been used in forming similar fabrics, but differs over these prior fabrics in that pile tufts are inserted in the fabric base to extend from .both of its faces, these pile tufts being formed by doubled strands of pile yarn cut tov form chenille ends on at least one face of the fabric base.

The reversible pile fabric formed according toY the present invention is novel not only in the provision of a pile on both of its faces, but also inY the fact that the manner in which it is formed provides a luxuriant body or hand, and corresponding appearance characteristics, which are unique in fabrics of this sort. Moreover, this reversible pile fabric may be formed in accordance with the present invention with only a slight increase overthe amount of material required by previous methods for forming Vthe usual single face chenille fabrics.

Briey stated, the method employed according to the present invention for forming this reversible pile fabric comprises inserting a doubled portion of a continuous pile yarn in the fabric base, thereby disposing a loop of the pile yarn extending from one face of the fabric base, training the pile yarn to form a loop extending from the other face of the fabric base while inserting a succeeding doubled portion of the pile yarn in the fabric base, and then cutting at least one of these loops to form chenille ends. If it is desired to cut the loops on only one face, the above mentioned trained loops are cut, which provides a pile of chenille ends on one face of the fabric, and a pile of loops on the other face. It is possible, however, to cut the loops on both faces of the fabric to form a pile of chenille ends on each face, or the fabric base may be reversed during the process of manufacture to provide an alternating pile pattern of chenille ends and loops, as described more in detail below.

My reversible pile fabric andthe means and method by which it is formed according tc the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine arranged according to the present invention for forming the reversible pile fabric;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken substantially at the line 2--2 inrFig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a transverse section takenrsubstantially at the line 3-3 in Fig. 1;

Figs. 4, 5,Y and 6, inclusive, are fragmentary details corresponding generally to Fig. 3, and illustrating further the operating relation of the pile forming elements of the machine;

Fig. 7 is a plan View of one face of a reversible `pile fabric formed according to the present instruction. As shown in the drawing, the sewingV machine head 25 comprises a base portion 26 which extends forwardly to form a work support at 21, and a supporting Yarm structure 28 in which a drive shaft 29 is journaled. The drive shaft 29 carries the usual hand wheel 30 and drive pulley 3l at its rear end, and is arranged at its forward end to reciprocate the usual needle bar 32 through a crank mechanism (not shown), the needle bar 32` being fitted at its lower end with a needle 33. The sewing machine head 25 is further fitted with a presser foot 34 and fabric feeding mechanism 35 in the usual manner. All of the foregoing elements are common in sewing machine mechanisms generally, and further detailed description is not believed necessary here.

The additional operating elements provided for forming the reversible pile fabric of the present invention are actuated through countershafts 35 and 31 mounted on the sewing machine head 25. The countershaft 36 is disposed above the base portion 26 in bearing brackets 3S and 39 carried on the supporting-.arm structure 28. This countershaft 3E" is actuated from the drive shaft 2.9 through an eccentric All by a link member 4l eictending from the eccentric Ail to a rocker arm 42 carried on the countershaft 3E, so that an oscillating motion is imparted to the countershaftY from the drive shaft 2Q during operation of the machine.

The countershaft 3l is arrangdbelwtilie baseff portion 26 and is mounted in bearing brackets 43 and 44 carried by the base portion 25. A chain and sprocket drive i5 provide'sa'drivingfdnnec tion for the countershaft 3l from the drive shari-t 29, so that this countershaft 3l is rotated upon rotation of the drive shaft 29 during operation of th''achiii.'

` Thcuntershait 3l'e'xte`1'ic'is`forwardlyV through thefrom which a'cranlr" a'rm'yil'l extends toa rocker ajl`'"`carijied on a shaitfi extending between bl: ing bracket i5 and a'front bearing bracket'; Th Shaft''also carries' ahook member e l 'which is pvos''d for oscillation across the' path of rnovef' b er 53, are similarly arranged' to'vreeeive these the' hook member Slifer a` purpose which is also described further' below.

follow ye,ccentrics 53 ahdi arranged o nthe courir' tershaft 3'! to impart the' necessary` oscillating the hookV members $2 and`53. Y

rre coupteshaft. errands itinerary @meterlthe ng bracket E? ,ton carry anr arm 51] which is formed at itseitend'ing-ed with a genpr tion 5l disposed transversely` of the path ofrrrnv ment of" thefneedle" 331'. ThisA finger portion el l ales 'ahool'alidit top"'edg'eis'isharp'-A ered at o pio efdge A cutting teasers ssseetedwmi uns "tremenofthe ar te. The Guang, breasts-1scrriedin r" 55 rnoiiite'd' fradjlistnintby In sofa set screwed iiafshaft 57', so" th t met# bepbsitenedwimsuitable i n t wie finder' portieri" si. The' shaft' e1` is' d O rarailery'fitijthe contersna-ft se bearing bracli'e't; 68' carried lon'the suportingarrn structure 25, andis connected tojthcuntershaft S ugh rockerarnis ligand?ljandcoinpensatlj IQtQreCeive" the oscillating motion of: coun 'hafftiior operation of the cutting bladef @E in relation to thfe` cutting edge, E3 prmed on4 the ger portiont ILofarrri member l nThe operation' lof the" above described'I morira-'f nism for iorming the reversible"pfile4 `fabric ofv the'j present* invention is illu'stratedjin*Figs.- 4lV 5'; and; G Yof thefdrawing` Dmingoperatin'of the'ira#Y sicewise prs-sure" the hook member 5l oscillates across the path of movement oi the needle 33 and receives the loop from the needle 33. Upon withdrawal of the needle 33 for a succeeding loop-forming stroke, the second hook member 52 oscillates to receivethe loop l@ from the rst hook member 5l', and thusfreefthis hook member Sil so that it is available to receive the next loop la?! formed the needle 33. The third hook member 53 in turn receives the loop 'M from the second hook ineiiber 52 in a similar manner, so that each loop 'ift is continuously engaged by the hook mentener, and s3 and is teus heid against withdrawal succeeding doubled portion of the pileyarn-flisparried through the fabric base 'E3 to forinasucceeding loop llt.

Bufin'gtl'ewithdwal or recovery of the needle liwior,A each succeeding loop-forming stroke, the arm Gt carrying the finger portion el .oscillates so that this inger portion y5l traverses Ithe `path o'f'inov"'ineit'olfthenedle 33j andpasse'sb'etween rena a leonie citer fabric base ie'. Irwin" be undrstbidtht with the presser foot- 34 lowered. the fabric feeding! mechanism the machineL sowth'slit"A al series of t across the vfabric base 'l-and Ythat by' repeating this operation, the entire'sur'iace 'of' both aceso'i the-fabric base'ican loops 'Mor chenille ends iii asd'esire'fjl.l

A'reversible fabric (iormedi in thisirnanner is ai rugs-'and' the construction illustrated-ds characterized" by a-` patternof loops lil` and a suppie' mentary pattern of chenille ends fon' eachiaeeoi"y the rug: This' fea-ture' of' the construction shown iiFig'. '7 is further" illustrated in- Fig. 1821 disposedfdownwadiy to-ib'rm'apattern of' loops in`- Eig '7 and 8'; The other piletuftsl iii* are ins'er'te'dfin the remaining'portionflg of the'fabr'ic base" i3 "with t'l'lel loops' 'H extend-ingv upwardly to form* a cim'pieniel'fltarylv patternf of-v loopsA 1151" on4 the upper face of the fabricbas'e 13; and the chenilleendsvat the'other end ofthe `pile tufts "afi-f are' rresfpcndmgly disposed to form` supple-Vr mentary patternson'each-"face of the fabridbase` i3 1A Thefpile'patternformedfin this manner' may` be" varied further by?" adjusting the spacingH off' the alternating pile pattern described above.

base i3 bythe" needle' se; previ'usiy s a v lonedf the uppee'dg Glfof'ftlien'gfei portion" Si is sharpened to' forni' a ciittinged'ge, and" asrrr the loops are" s,necessivelyA4 trained over the" er wur feed therabriebase i'tiirugn' pesci/ns with al sus' of" of the drawing. In Fig. Y7 thel pile fabric is shownlin afformgsuitable ,for-'use asreversible pile fabricincorporating a pattern of thetype illustrated in Figs. '7 and 8 may be formed on the machine described above without modification simply byv alternately turning Vthe fabric -base 'I3 over before feeding it to the machine so that the pile tufts 11 are inserted in the proper-direction to obtain the pattern desired. Also, in forming reversible pile fabricswith a pattern of this'sort, it is advantageous in commercial production to arrange the pile-forming elements in multiples so that asufiicientnumber of rows ofthe pile tuftsl'l to cover the portions 18 or 'I9 of the fabric base 13 may be inserted at one time. -As is apparent from the foregoing disclosure, this may be done by merely mounting in place of the single needle 33 a plurality of needles (notshown) on the needle bar 32 so thatthey are disposed in spaced relation longitudinally Awit'h respect to the work support 2l, and duplicating the aboveV described arrangement of the transverse finger 6I and cutting blade 64, and the oscillating hook" members 5I, 52, and 53, in correspondence. It will also be apparent that a multiple arrangement of the pile-forming elements may generally be used to advantage with any other pattern adoped for pile fabrics formed according to the present invention.

Y In Fig. 9, a modified arrangement of a reversible pile'fabric formed according to the present invention is illustrated in which the pile tufts l1 are all inserted in one direction, so that the fabric base 13 is provided with a pile of loops 14 on one face and a pile of chenille ends 'IB on the other face. In Fig. 10 a further modification is shown in which the pile tufts 'l1 are cut at both ends to form chenille ends, so that in this case both faces of the fabric base 13 are provided with a pile of chenille ends. In forming a reversible pile fabric as shown in Fig. l0, the pile forming elements of the machine described above are modified only by replacing the oscillating hook members 5I, 52, and 53 with a transverse finger and cutting blade operating exactly like the previously described nger 6I and cutting blade 64 to receive the loops 14 and cut them to form chenille ends.

The present invention accordingly allows selection among a variety of patterns in forming the reversible pile fabrics as described above, and

the manner in which a pile is provided on both faces of the fabric base results in exceptional body and substance in the fabric no matter which pattern is used. Moreover, all of the advantages and novel features of the present invention may be obtained with the same fabric-forming mate- .n

rial heretofore commonly employed in forming chenille fabrics, and, as previously noted, the method of the present invention for forming the reversible pile fabric requires only a slight increase over the amount of material used by previous methods for forming single face chenille fabrics.

I claim:

1. A pile fabric comprising a fabric base and doubled strands of pile yarn having a uniform length inserted in said fabric base at spaced intervals and extending from both faces thereof, said doubled strands of pile yarn being cut to form chenille ends on at least one face of said fabric base.

2. A reversible pile fabric comprising a fabric base having pile tufts inserted therein at spaced intervals and extending from both faces thereof, said pile tufts being formed by doubled strands of pile yarn provided in predetermined uniform at least from one face'thereoffand said doubled strands Y of pile yarn being cut in spaced relation to the otherface of said rffabric base thereby forming, chenille ends extending from the said other face. 4. A- reversible chenille fabric .comprising a fabric base `having doubled strands of pile yarnl of predetermined` uniform length inserted therein at spaced intervals in looped form and extending from vboth faces: of said fabric base, and said doubled strands off' pile yarnzbeing cutinspaced relation to both faces of said fabric base,.thereby forming chenille ends on both faces ofsaidfabric lbase. r

`5. A reversible pile rug comprising a fabric base havingdoubled strands of pile yarn of predetermined uniformr length inserted therein at spaced'intervals and-thereby forming a pile of loops extending from one face thereof, and said doubled strands of pile yarn being cut in spaced relation` tothe other face of said fabric base thereby forming a pile of chenille ends extendin from said other face. Y Y

6. A reversible pile rugcomprising a fabric base having doubled strands'of pile yarn of predetermined uniform length inserted Vtherein at spaced' intervals and therebyforming loops extending from the faces thereof, certain Vof said doubled strands of pileyarn being insertedina portion of said fabric Ibase in one directionto forma pattern of loops on one face of said fabric base, Ithe other doubled strands of pile yarn being inserted in the remaining portion of said fabric base in the opposite direction to form a complementary pattern of loops on the other face of said fabric base, and each of said doubled strands of pile yarn being cut in spaced relation to said fabric base to form supplementary patterns of chenille ends.

'7. A pile fabric comprising a fabric base having doubled strands of pile yarn inserted therein at spaced intervals and extending from both faces thereof, said doubled pile yarn strands being inserted in said fabric base to extend uniformly from one face thereof as a pile of loops, and being cut in uniform spaced relation to the other face of said fabric base to form a pile of chenille ends extending from said other face.y

8. A pile fabric comprising a fabric base having doubled portions of a continuous pile yarn inserted therein at spaced intervals, said doubled pile yarn portions being inserted through said fabric base and extending in a uniform predetermined length from one face thereof, said continuous pile yarn being trained between said inserted doubled portions in uinform spaced relation to the other face of said fabric base, and said continuous pile yarn being cut to form chenille ends on at least one face of said fabric base.

9. A pile fabric comprising a fabric base, and doubled portions of'a continuous pile yarn inserted through said fabric base at spaced intervals and extending in a uniform predetermined length from said fabric base, certain of said doubled pile yarn portions being inserted through said fabric base in one direction and the remaining doubled pile yarn portions being inserted in the other direction, said continuous pile yarn being trained between said inserted doubled portions to extend in uniform spaced relation from theirespeetireemsiteiieees @f seid. iahric @bese and said continuous pilveyernpeingicut zin Lunimimsnesd. fireletienl im :one ieee if said ,fabric bese alternately:imaeeerslencemithihedirection of: insertion .er fseisl doubled. emile were sermons, whereby: ameltemieting @ile mettete ef :leaps eed chenille ende isr'folzmei emzhieeefef fseid :pile faerie and pile. pattern. en eee-hy ieee is .eemnlementaty-ato @ensei-,ternes the other liee.

ite. me, nifle .referia @i tile time .by insertineldoutzlednontenso aserrtinueilsmileyern assessed intens-elses .e e loesemthezfimpnotement. which lcommises of sila tufts .extending :from both -faces of said fabric hase emdtfthereby semeleriesseid pile giabsie 4nevensibleeeiclz-.Ilez tirtsabeins fermer. by simple@ portion-s of. :sa-ids eentinuoes @ile inserted tlamuglxseidiazbrie ibase einer .extemingf-ziri e funiiorm predetermined length from one face therebyintenmeiete mutonsuozsad `een-tinuous: pile; yarn; twine@ between .Seidl inserted doubled. portions: in uniirm. .spased selection. :te thea-other ieee-ot said. diezbifie lease., withsadfieon.- tmuouspile yarn lcut to: :formphenilvle ends fon atz'leest .one ieee-.oflsactiazlerie ibase..

'In a pile ielc'rricf.oijztliey type scanned.' by insentingodeulzfled portions of eontiiiuousrpleyeirn at spaced intervals in a fabrieriaesethe :implies/ement. imhieli,v eomprisesz arrangement `of pile tufts.extendingI from. both faces Lof saii iahric base and thereby; rendering. saidpileV iabric reversible, .seidl pileftuftsbeingr termed by doubled portions; of.: swirls .eontimiouspileyarn inserted clsufougl'iy seid` fabric, 'basete;lextenzcl.` in; a: uniform predeterminedzlength asfioopsrrom said fabril: baseonone feoea thereof, anda byA intermediate kof .continuous-pile warn trained.l .as loops. between said. inserted doubled portions in uniform spaced .relation tromv i,the opposite ,face ef seid Eabric ibase, lizvith .all vof one .set `of :said loops `out .to form chenille .ends,fand with -certain ef :said doubled Agpilex yearn portiens .inserted in said -ebric ,bese in one dimeetion and vtlneremaining de ,ubledsjpile- `yarn rpostions inserted the other direetienwwhereby vam alternating Epile tuilt pattern of. 'loops and chenille .ends xformeel .on each :fece .said pile .fahr-ic' and' the' pile vtuft patteiln on@ reach yieee is .complement-.ary :tor-the patiielm lori the other face. j

MOORE l.CILE-E1) l'The 'following references areV Vof 'recordV inthe UNITED PATENTS Number Deite 1944658.68 Moore 27, $923 l;7,292 vi'-(r`lend.islx Maw .12, $9331 139.562,594 May .13, 1934 2,0131@ Gottlieb Sept. 3, 1935 2,'10354'14 Gers'hman: Dee. .28,1937- 2,218,123 Smith Oct. 1'5",.19410 2226;523-9 Unger; Nev. y51, 1940 21,241,113@ Bradwielfl; May 6; 1941:

FO'RIEIGN PATENTS Ceuntry Date 5.033.519 Germany July 29; 1930 469g966 Great Britam- Aug. 6, 1-937 .5W-,3417 Denmark Man 4, 1-.94 

